Conservation Challenges in Bleaching and Degradation of Coral Reefs Ecosystem
Rajesh Jayaswal*
ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh (211 002), India
Jeetendra Kumar
ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh (211 002), India
Absar Alam
ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh (211 002), India
K.B. Rajanna
College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Science University, Mangaluru, Karnataka (575 002), India
Parul
College of Fisheries, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India
Durgesh Kumar Verma
ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh (211 002), India
DOI: NIL
Keywords: Conservation, Coral Reefs, Degradation, Ecosystem
Abstract
The coral reefs that surround the world were created by millions of tiny coral polyps over thousands of years as a gift to humanity. Reefs provide food for people, resources for scientific research, and a wealth of leisure activities. Reefs require our care because we depend on them, thus we should definitely protect them for future generations. Algal cover and coral death can be adversely affected by nutrient enrichment of remaining coral bleaching due to temperature stress, grazers, algal colonization and most influencing in an imbalance between production and consumption will outcome in community structure changes.
Downloads
not found
Reference
Cardini, U., Bednarz, V.N., Foster, R.A., Wild, C., 2014. Benthic N2 fixation in coral reefs and the potential effects of human‐induced environmental change. Ecology and Evolution 4(9), 1706-1727.
Moberg, F., Folke, C., 1999. Ecological goods and services of coral reef ecosystems. Ecological Economics 29(2), 215-233.
Naser, H.A., 2014. Marine ecosystem diversity in the Arabian Gulf: threats and conservation. In: Biodiversity - The Dynamic Balance of the Planet. Chapter 12. (Ed.) Grillo, O. InTech Open. pp. 297-328. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/57425.
Phelan, A., Ruhanen, L., Mair, J., 2020. Ecosystem services approach for community-based ecotourism: towards an equitable and sustainable blue economy. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 28(10), 1665-1685.
Toth, L.T., Courtney, T.A., Colella, M.A., Kupfner Johnson, S.A., Ruzicka, R.R., 2022. The past, present, and future of coral reef growth in the Florida Keys. Global Change Biology 28(17), 5294-5309.