Construction of Seawall - Useful or Harmful for Biodiversity Conservation
Jeetendra Kumar*
ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, 24, Panna Lal Road, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh (211 002), India
Absar Alam
ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, 24, Panna Lal Road, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh (211 002), India
Simanku Borah
ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, HOUSEFEED Complex, Dispur, Guwahati, Assam (781 006), India
DOI: NIL
Keywords: Beach, Biodiversity, Restoration, Seawall
Abstract
A seawall is useful to protect coastal infrastructure and lives from the wave action of the ocean. There are various forms of seawall present and it is made up based on the requirement and nature of wave action of the ocean. The seawall is not only useful in modern days but they are harmful to the coastal biodiversity. Coastal species have disappeared after seawall formation because many species sustained high wave action and periodic inundation of seawater. Moreover, the loss of beaches has also been reported in many studies.
Downloads
not found
Reference
Browne, M.A., Chapman, M.G., 2014. Mitigation against the loss of species by adding artificial intertidal pools to existing seawalls. Marine Ecology Progress Series 497, 119-129. DOI: 10.3354/meps10596.
Gittman, R.K., Scyphers, S.B., Smith, C.S., Neylan, I.P., Grabowski, J.H., 2016. Ecological consequences of shoreline hardening: A meta-analysis. BioScience 66(9), 763-773. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biw091.