Engineered Nanoparticles (ENPs) in Soil and Plant Management
Shaon Kumar Das*
ICAR-Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim (737 102), India
Ezekiel Khawas Bhujel
ICAR-Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim (737 102), India
R. Laha
ICAR-Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim (737 102), India
V.K. Mishra
ICAR-Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya (793 103), India
DOI: NIL
Keywords: Engineered nanoparticles, Pesticides, Plants, Soil
Abstract
To increase agricultural productivity, new engineered nanoparticles have been synthesized using inorganic, polymeric, and lipid nanoparticles with techniques like emulsification, ionic gelation, polymerization, oxide reduction, and others. The new innovative nano systems immobilize nutrients and release them in real-time into soils under controlled conditions based on plant needs. It minimizes nutrient leaching, eutrophication and improves the nutrient uptake by plants. Similarly, advances in pesticide properties, such as increased solubility potential and resistance to activity loss, as well as the ability to deliver highly specific and controlled delivery to targeted organisms, have rendered agricultural practices safe with no off-site impact. Likewise, hydrogels, nanoclays, and nanozeolites help soils to retain moisture during dry seasons by control release of water. Furthermore, organic (polymers and carbon nanotubes) and inorganic (nano-metals and metal oxides) nanoparticles have capable of quickly absorb contaminants from the environment, so they can be used to remediate soils efficiently and effectively.
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Reference
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