Evaluation of Influenced Antiviral Medicinal Plant Extracts for the Control of Grasserie Disease and Estimation of Biochemical and Hematological Changes in Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Y. Praveen Reddy*
Dept. of Sericulture, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh (515 003), India
U. Anil Kumar
Dept. of Sericulture, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh (515 003), India
M. Parasuramudu
Dept. of Sericulture, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh (515 003), India
K. Nandhini
Dept. of Sericulture, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh (515 003), India
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54083/BioResToday/5.12.2023/844-849
Keywords: Aloe vera, Bombyx mori L., Grassrie, Medicinal plant extracts, Pathogen inoculation, Silkworm
Abstract
The current study evaluates the efficacy of three medicinal plant extracts, viz., Aloe vera, Phyllanthus niruri and Andrographis paniculata, in mitigating Grasserie disease in Bombyx mori L., a disease caused by the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV). Among the tested treatments, Aloe vera exhibited the most significant positive effects on cocoon parameters. The highest cocoon weight of 1.85 g was recorded in the treatment group T1 (Aloe vera + BmNPV), followed by the control group T5 (distilled water) with 1.81 g and T2 (Phyllanthus niruri + BmNPV) with 1.75 g. The lowest cocoon weight of 1.25 g was observed in T4 (BmNPV at 1×105 POB ml-1). Similar trends were observed for shell weight and shell ratio, where T1 ranked highest, followed by T5 and T2, with T4 showing the lowest values. Disease incidence in the FC1×FC2 bivoltine silkworm double hybrid was significantly reduced following the administration of medicinal plant extracts compared to the control. Specifically, total hemocyte count (THC) in T1 increased significantly from 3205 ml-1 to 5924 ml-1 from day 1 to day 5 post-treatment, then decreased to 4256 ml-1 by day 6, which approximated the control (T5). Protein levels followed a similar pattern, with T1 recording the highest value of 92.6 mg ml-1 on day 6, compared to 91.3 mg ml-1 in the control. T4 exhibited the lowest protein concentration at 12.3 mg ml-1. Overall, Aloe vera demonstrated superior antiviral activity against Grasserie disease compared to Phyllanthus niruri and Andrographis paniculata. The findings suggest that Aloe vera may be effectively incorporated into bed disinfectants as a preventive measure against viral diseases in silkworm rearing.
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