Honeydew: A Sweet Treat Turning Toxic for Beneficial Insects in Agroecosystems
Shashank D.U.*
Dept. of Entomology, Post Graduate College of Agriculture, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar (848 125), India
Sujith K.M.
Dept. of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga, Karnataka (577 412), India
Hareesh Shiralli
Dept. of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, Karnataka (500 008), India
Sandeep K.
Dept. of Entomology, Post Graduate College of Agriculture, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar (848 125), India
DOI: NIL
Keywords: Beneficial insects, Contamination, Honeydew, Systemic insecticides
Abstract
Honeydew, a saccharide-dense exudate synthesized by hemipteran insects during phloem sap ingestion, serves as a crucial nutrient source for beneficial arthropods in agroecosystems. Recent studies indicate that systemic insecticide contamination of honeydew presents potential toxicological risks to non-target species, necessitating further investigation into trophic transfer mechanisms and ecological implications. Neonicotinoids and other systemic insecticides have been detected in honeydew at toxic levels for predators and parasitoids. Contamination can occur through direct spray contact, uptake by honeydew producers, or plant-mediated transfer. Lethal and sublethal effects on beneficial insects have been documented, potentially disrupting biological control and pollination services. These findings highlight the need to re-evaluate systemic insecticide use and develop strategies to mitigate risks to beneficial insects in agricultural systems. Consumers should also be aware that "perfect crops" often come with significant insecticide use.
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Reference
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