Impact of Climate Change and Water Resources in India
Gulja S. Nair*
Dept. of Agricultural Engineering, Nehru Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu (641 105), India
D. Karunanidhi
Dept. of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Mohan Babu University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh (517 102), India
Pooran Pragnya
Dept. of Agricultural Engineering, Nehru Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu (641 105), India
DOI: NIL
Keywords: Climate change, Monsoon variability, Rainfed agriculture, Water resources
Abstract
Significantly depleting India's water resources, climate change is therefore hurting agricultural and socio-economic stability. This paper combines few current studies to evaluate their impact on coastal areas, groundwater and rainfall. Results point to falling yearly rainfall and increasing temperatures, which aggravate groundwater depletion and irrigation needs. Uneven rainfall in Northeast India is causing more water scarcity, which endangers food security. Rising sea levels and frequent floods in coastal areas put pressure on water management systems and cause climate-related migration. Extreme weather occurrences disturb agricultural calendars and hydrological cycles considerably more. Balancing water demand and supply calls for urgent adaptation actions such precision irrigation, integrated water resource management (IWRM) and climate-resilient infrastructures. This study emphasizes the need of regional research and adaption plans. Sustainable water policies and better forecasts can help to protect water resources and national food security by strengthening resilience. Navigating the country's climate and water sustainability issues calls for cooperative action.
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Reference
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