Role of Mycorrhizae in Plant Health Management
Durga Prasad
Dept. of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Baytu, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan (344 034), India
R.P. Singh*
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, West Champaran-II, Dr RPCAU, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar (845 455), India
DOI: NIL
Keywords: Ectendomycorrhizae, Ectomycorrhizae, Endomycorrhizae, Mycorrhizae
Abstract
The feeder roots of most flowering plants growing in nature are generally infected by symbiotic fungi that do not cause root disease but, instead, are beneficial to their plant hosts. The infected feeder roots are transformed into unique morphological structures called mycorrhizae, i.e., “fungus roots.” On the basis of morphological and anatomical features, mycorrhizal fungi are majorly three types, viz., endomycorrhizae, ectomycorrhizae, and ectendomycorrhizae. Mycorrhizal fungi reduce the pathogen by root colonization, competing plant pathogens for nutrients, production of antibiotics, induction of hydrolytic enzymes, enhancing the PR-protein, induction of phytoalexins and by stimulating defense related enzymes. They greatly enhance nutrient uptake especially phosphorus and improve the growth as well as productivity of plants. Mycorrhizal fungi are used for treatment of soil, root, planting materials, nursery beds etc. for management of plant diseases and enhancement in productivity of crops.
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Reference
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