Vehicular Emission Scenarios in Selected Regions of India as per Vehicular Emission Norms
Sandhiya Lakshmanan*
CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, New Delhi (110 012), India
Anupama Upadhayay
CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, New Delhi (110 012), India
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54083/ResBio/6.2.2024/87-94
Keywords: BSES, HDV, LDV, Pollutant estimation, Vehicular emissions
Abstract
The transport sector is a major contributor to pollution. India has put in place Bharat Stage Emission Standards (BSES) to reduce air pollution caused by the road transport sector. The present study addresses the emission patterns of Light and Heavy Duty Vehicles in India across various BSES (BS-III, IV and VI). The emissions of pollutants such as VOC, NOx, PM2.5, CO and BC for the years 2013-2021 are estimated for both LDV and HDV functioning under BS-III, IV and VI norms. By analyzing variables such as vehicle characteristics and environmental factors, the study determines unique emission trends in selected states in the Plain, Eastern Himalaya and Himalaya and Trans-Himalaya areas. Notably, the Plain region's high population density and commercial activity make it a significant pollution producer. The results revealed that all the regions exhibited an overall increase in emissions till 2018 and after that emissions started declining. Significant reductions in VOC, PM2.5, NOx, CO and BC emissions are revealed by the switch to stringent BS standards, highlighting the benefits of cleaner fuels and cutting-edge engine technologies.
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