Microbial Inoculants for Mineral Nutrient Solubilization and Mobilization

Abstract

Nutrient availability is an essential factor that determines growth of crop plants. Phosphorous, potassium, zinc and silicon are some of the essential nutrients that are required for the proper growth and development of plants, but these nutrients are found in nature as insoluble or complex forms. Increased uses of conventional synthetic fertilizers in agriculture have an adverse impact on both environment and living organisms. Hence, development of better alternatives is essential. Biofertilizers, being eco-friendly, cost effective and non-toxic, serve as a good substitute for expensive and harmful synthetic chemical fertilizers. Certain microorganisms can convert the insoluble form of nutrients to soluble-available forms, making the soil rich and suitable for proper growth of plants. They not only improve soil fertility and productivity by adding nutrients to the soil, but also protect plants from several biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, application of biofertilizers (microbial inoculants) made of nutrient solubilizers is a promising technology for future sustainable farming systems.